But because of the number two in two-spirit, the term is now often used (outside of the Indigenous community) interchangeably with demigender, bigender, and gender fluidaka how people identify when they experience themselves across multiple spectrums of gender. Biskinik, the sapsucker, was known as the newsbird. hoctaw spirit Leo Rojas, Wuauquikuna, Alexandro Quereval, and more musica chamanica para alejar a los malos espiritus Kokomomo 1.6M views 4 years ago - Chirapaq . Two-Spirit and indigenous women are also more vulnerable to violent crimes against them. [29] On June 29, Hood issued an email to county clerks to clarify his earlier statement which, he wrote, "seems to have been misinterpreted as prohibiting Circuit Clerks from issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples. [3] If individuals allowed evil thoughts or depression to enter their minds, Impa Shilup would creep inside them and eat their souls. Each of the couples was raising two children and one couple had previously married in Maine. . When you look at the spirit that's connected in [ohoyo holba], and when they put on that dress in olden times, they are saying 'the embodiment of many'." It is also a day to remember the close relationship the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma has with the people of Ireland. Since Europeans arrived in the Americas, they've documented encounters with Two Spirit people. Two Spirit people held significant roles and were an integral part of a tribal social structures . . Webber is also Two-Spirit. Facebook; Instagram; Twitter; 888-652-4628. George. Chata and the others remained near the mound, which became known as Nanih Waiya (The mound of all creation), and became known as the Choctaw tribe. 2016 Revised Choctaw Dictionary (In Progress) Two: tuklo [tk-loh] num. You can find more Choctaw words in our online picture glossaries . The chiefs of these small creatures came to an agreement to take and share the vine's poison among themselves as a warning and deterrent against being trampled. [22] That court heard oral arguments on January 21, 2015. At the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, we pride ourselves on preserving and celebrating our many unique traditions. The Mingo Chief Nitactaschi, called John Homma by the white man, was very skilled in the art of arrow-making and the clan prospered from his abilities. State Representative Andy Gipson, chair of the Mississippi House Judiciary Committee, suggested the state should consider having "no marriage certificate sponsored by the state". They are stories told by family members to others close to them. Check the full list of classic native American dog male names. Choctaw oral histories mentioned numerous supernatural beings. Thank you! This sub is dedicated to talking all things Choctaw. Consequently, I object to issuing this decision via order."[26]. This map shows the Old Natchez Trace passing through Choctaw and Chickasaw lands. Its a traditional rainbow pride flag with two feathers on the front middle, symbolizing both masculine and feminine identities. The boys replied "no", as they looked over the edge of the sky, seeing land, but were not able to discern their home from such a height. Spirit animals also known as power animals or spirit guides is your spiritual teacher or messenger in an animal form. As Otoe-Missouria and Choctaw journalist and activist Johnnie Jae tweeted, If you are NOT Nativeyou are NOT Two-Spirit. She is the author of The Gilda Stories, a novel that explores slavery and racism in North and South America, and her work frequently tackles LGBTQ+ identity. We have included twenty basic Choctaw words here, to compare with related American Indian languages. Gaagii - Raven. nationalgeographic. Her poetry collections include Diaspora and Blues Divine. On June 29, Attorney General Jim Hood ordered clerks to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples. There is a really interesting book that's not about two-spirit people, called "Choctaw Women in a Chaotic World" that does give a good account of gender roles, particularly of women in Choctaw society. The Halpert Papers. The next to take the poison were the wasps, who said they would buzz in the ear of man as a warning before they attacked to protect their nests. Anyways, I'm transgender (female to male) and I was wondering if anyone knows anything about transgender people or two-spirits in our tribe? Two-Spirit individuals paved a path of inclusion long before colonial constructs dismantled the belief system that transgendered and other gendered folks could serve in some of the most revered roles within a society. Hospital visitation rights through a "legal representative" status, This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 10:34. It was called Nanih Waiya. (Caitlin, Letters and Notes, 1841). It manages this astonishing speed by tucking in its feet and folding back its wings and tail so that it can dive-bomb its prey. Come to find out that Im legally Choctaw on my fathers side. [1] [2] [3] The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Cond Nast. A Choctaw Legend. Together, we celebrate and honor the rich traditions passed down to us from our ancestors. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. It can also symbolize human life in general. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. It, too, is made up of descendants of individuals who remained in the Southeast in the 1830s. Box 1210 Durant, Oklahoma 74702-1210 800-522-617. The Indian shamans or doctors would report that Bohpoli assisted them in creating their medicines. He wrote: "Obergefell is the law of the land. However, the average and median household incomes of same-sex couples were lower than different-sex couples, and same-sex couples were also far less likely to own a home than opposite-sex partners. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. His head and face are small and shriveled, and it is said that a person who looks at it will be visited by evil. Tasunke - Horse. vlogger, performance artist, and host of the Two Spirit Podcast. Other tribes recruited them to assist in battles, and at other times they hunted there. Nalusa Falaya (long black being) resembled a man, but with very small eyes and long, pointed ears. The little wood sprite (ole) was known to be rather mischievous, but not malicious. Why the Choctaw donation has become part of two nations' memories The Great Famine devastated Ireland, killing 1 million and forcing millions more to leave, migrating to places like the United . Of the series, she said, Continuous is my small answer to the large question: How do we as Indigenous people decolonize our sexualities, genders, and the way we treat individuals who identify outside of the standard binary of male or female?. [32] The last counties in Mississippi to refuse to issue marriage licenses, DeSoto, Jasper, Jones, Newton, Pontotoc, Simpson and Yalobusha counties, began issuing licenses on July 2, 2015. Last Edited. Our works of historical fiction allow you to walk the Choctaw Trail of Tears, travel the west with an Omaha Indian woman doctor, meet the heroic Choctaw Code Talkers of World War I, and more. What we call same-sex marriage today was not taboo to indigenous practices. The court ruled that the plaintiffs' requested relief, which the Attorney General had already agreed, was consistent with Obergefell and thus ruled in favor of Czekala-Chatham. It is written by Brittany Sharoff and contributors. It was also believed that every man had a shilombish (the outside shadow) which always followed him, and shilup (the inside shadow, or ghost) which after death goes to the land of ghosts. Forming the five-justice majority were Justices Bill Waller Jr., Michael K. Randolph, Ann Hannaford Lamar, David A. Chandler, and Randy G. Pierce. Two-Spirit within a traditional setting was a gender analysis and not a sexual orientation Today, most people associate the term with LGBT Natives; however, the work of the two-spirit . Biden Signed a Historic Same-Sex Marriage Bill! George-Warren is also active in art and performance, including work on The Earth That Is Sufficient, a theatrical work by Annalissa Dias to be premiered in Washington, D.C. in 2019. [1][2], The first same-sex couple to marry in Mississippi were Amber Hamilton and Annice Smith in Hattiesburg on June 26, just hours before Attorney General Hood instructed county clerks to wait for the Fifth Circuit to lift its stay. From in-depth storytelling on the fight for LGBTQ+ rights to intimate profiles of queer cultural vanguards, its a platform for all of the bold, stylish, and rebellious ways that LGBTQ+ people are reshaping our world every day. Contact Us . After sharing this, the old man died. They were also involved with our community in very special ways. According to Jae, its a term used to identify, reclaim, and revitalize very specific identities, histories, legacies, and power that goes far beyond just sexuality and gender identity for Indigenous peoples. So, what exactly does it mean? The Choctaw were known to travel to the land on the western side of the Mississippi River in the early part of the eighteenth century. Isabel is a full-time freelance writer covering all things lifestyle, sex, and wellness. [18] The Fifth Circuit heard oral arguments on January 9, 2015, before Judges Patrick Higginbotham, Jerry Edwin Smith, and James E. Graves Jr.[19], A lesbian couple, residents of Mississippi who had married in California in 2008, asked the state to recognize their marriage in order to allow them to divorce. This sub is dedicated to talking all things Choctaw. On June 26, 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Obergefell v. Hodges that the denial of marriage rights to same-sex couples is unconstitutional under the U.S. Constitution. Kosumi - Hunts fish. A young man embarked on a mission to understand what happens to the sun when it sets. Two-spirit gatherings such as the annual Montana Two-Spirit Gathering and the BAAITS powwow create community wherein two-spirit people can express their culture and their sexuality. As always, offer love, support, and patience to anyone exploring their gender identity. Finally, the snakes took the rest of the poison. [12][13], The state defendants asked the Fifth Circuit for a stay pending appeal the next day. After telling all of what they knew, they died and entered heaven.[10][11]. It will become effective in Mississippi, and circuit clerks will be required to issue same-sex marriage licenses, when the 5th Circuit lifts the stay" and allows Judge Reeves' order to take effect. Little people and other human-like creatures, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Source Material for the Social and Ceremonial Life of the Choctaw Indians, "How Poison came into the World A Choctaw Legend", "Brothers who followed The Sun A Choctaw Legend", https://archives.alabama.gov/findaids/v7820.pdf, Choctaw Legends (Folklore, Myths, and Traditional Indian Stories), Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians v. Holyfield, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Choctaw_mythology&oldid=1135643066, Mythologies of the indigenous peoples of North America, Articles needing additional references from April 2013, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 25 January 2023, at 23:16. The Choctaw Nation and the people of Ireland have a long and storied history. Data from the 2000 U.S. census showed that 4,774 same-sex couples were living in Mississippi. In this place, they laid to rest the bones of their ancestors, which they had carried in buffalo sacks from the original land in the west. Having LGBT people sitting in the room while decisions are being made, and sitting there as peers, will shift the conversation, she told The New York Times. The Choctaw do have what we'd now call two-spirit genders which were Hatukiklanna (male assigned at birth) and Hatukholba (female assigned at birth). After the burial, the brothers discovered that the land could not support all the people. By combining these activities, they were often among . The History Behind Gay Flagging and How to Do It Today, A Trans Latinx Woman Takes Total Control of Her Narrative in New Magazine Art Project, "Betrayal": Queer Native Americans on the Fourth of July, What It's Like to Be a Native Trans Woman on Thanksgiving, Thanksgiving Whitewashes Not Only Genocide, But Gender Erasure. Today the Choctaw have three federally recognized tribes: the largest is the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, next is the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, made up of descendants of individuals who did not remove in the 1830s, and the smallest is the Jena Band of Choctaw Indians, located in Louisiana. Susan Allen is a Lakota and a member of the Rosebud Sioux Tribe who became the first Native American woman to serve in the Minnesota Legislature after assuming office in the House of Representatives in 2012. You may be able to find the same content in another format, or you may be able to find more information, at their web site. Chitokaka means The Great One. They often combined and accomplished the work of both male and female roles without conforming to one set of social activities. If opa (a common owl) perched in a barn or on trees near the house and hooted, its call was a foreboding of death among the near relatives of the residents. Throughout history, they were celebrated in native communities as teachers, artists, visionaries and medicine people. Thanks for the referral, as well. Despite his size, her mate, Melatha, was extremely fast and left a trail of sparks as he streaked across the sky. [2], At the beginning there was a great mound. The spirit of the bear is a strong source of support in times of difficulty. If the Choctaw angered Kashehotapalo, he would race ahead of them and warn the enemy or animals being hunted. and our Two Spirit: (Male-assigned): Hatukiklanna n. A two spirit woman. https://www.reddit.com/r/choctaw/comments/k320lc/two_spirit/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=ios_app&utm_name=iossmf, I found this thread that may help (hopefully). After emerging, they scattered throughout the lands. . Two Spirit is considered a contemporary, umbrella term that is specific to the Indigenous LGBT2QQIA (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, Two Spirit, queer, questioning, intersexual, asexual) community. I am 72, and consider myself nonbinary, though AFAB and mostly femmy. I think its important that the lived experiences and the point of view of LGBT folks be included in conversations that affect all of us.. Once they arrived again the people who remained were not friendly. Hushtahli is believed to have originated as a Choctaw term without European influence; the Choctaw were believed to be sun worshippers. He said he would one day return with the answer to this question. Justice Pierce, joined by Chandler, wrote a separate concurrence accusing Justices Coleman and Dickinson of violating their oath of office by refusing to follow a ruling of the U.S. Supreme Court. We must honor and protect them/us in this ongoing fight for justice. THE COLLECTIVE SPIRIT PODCAST. These cultures had their own traditions for and conceptions of gender and sexuality. Sold: 4 beds, 3 baths, 1699 sq. In many tribes, Two Spirit people were accepted and . I'm relatively new to exploring my Choctaw heritage and it's hard for me to find out a lot about it because my Grandfather and great Grandma on my mom's side are dead and she doesn't remember a whole lot about what her grandma told her. According to Morgan 6the Choctaw were divided into two phratries, each including 4 gentes, as follows: A. Kushapokla (Divided people) Kushiksa (Reed) Lawokla Lulakiksa Linoklusha B.Watakihulata (Beloved people) Chufaniksa (Beloved people) Iskulani (Small people) Chito (Large people) Shakchukla (Crayfish people) Inquiries Contact Kristina Humenesky for any media relations needs at khumenesky@choctawnation.com. Two-spirit people would sometimes function as marital counselors because of their greater understanding of each spouse's role and pov. On October 26, 1918, the Choctaw code-talkers were put to use for the first time. Each individual or a person has one of its own, defined by your birth date or zodiac sign. At the crossroads of the Trail of Tears, Little Rock reckons with its history Native Americans' forced march in the 1800s ran through the Arkansas capital. [3], On August 24, 1996, Governor Kirk Fordice issued an executive order banning same-sex marriage in the state. It was an honour to hear from women who are fighting to end violence against women, trans, two spirit and gender-diverse people. Two-Spirit Representation - I'm Choctaw two-spirit, and I marched in the Houston Pride Parade Saturday, and the tv station got a nice shot of my two-spirit flag. But when the shilombish imitates the sound of either animal, no response is heard. Storme Webber is a Two-Spirit Alutiiq, Black, Choctaw poet and playwright who creates blues-influenced texts exploring identity, race, class, and gender. I know OK Choctaw are a little better at keeping a lot of stories alive. Keep wearing indigenous designers/brands who include 2S representation: Cheekbone Beauty, Eighth Generation, Jamie Okuma, Kamama Beadwork. The translation of Kowi anukasha is "The one who stays in the woods", or to give a more concise translation, "Forest dweller". All Rights Reserved - Choctawhatchee High School - Privacy Statement E-mail Disclaimer: Under Florida law, e-mail addresses are public records. youtu.be/yFlWL4. In the 19th century, the Choctaw were known to European Americans as one of the "Five Civilized Tribes" even though controversy surrounds their removal. They named as defendants Governor Phil Bryant and Attorney General Jim Hood, and the Hinds County circuit clerk who denied a marriage license to one of the plaintiff couples. The Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma is a thriving nation of nearly 200,000 people. At this time a great flood arose covering the lands. Although separated by thousands of miles, these two nations are forever entwined because of a small act of kindness nearly two centuries ago. The bees were the first to take the poison, and said that they will take a small amount so as to protect their hives. Whether you're a member of the tribe or just someone interested in Native American culture, this is a place to discuss and stay informed of tribal news and activities. When hunters go near the swamps it inhabits, it sneaks behind them to call loudly before quickly fleeing. [23] On February 24, the court, after noting that all parties agreed proceedings should be stayed pending action by the U.S. Supreme Court in related cases, asked for additional briefs. Hey! Two brothers, Chata and Chicksah, led the original people from a land in the far west that had ceased to prosper. The term Two-Spirit is not an umbrella term for LGBTQ identities. To show that they were not man's enemy, the bees promised that, after they had been forced to use their stinger, they would die. The relationship goes back to the Great Famine. Soon after the Great Spirit created all the animals and humans, he asked each how long their lives should be. Its much more than being queer and Native. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. A member of the Navajo Nation, Jack Jackson Jr. is an openly gay attorney and politician from Arizona who served in the State House after winning his election in 2003. The term two-spirit is actually relatively new, conceived as a kind of pan-Indian term for gender non-conforming roles in Native cultures but doesn't encompass how gender was negotiated in a tribe by tribe basis. If the story is told inaccurately, it will lose its value. They then traveled for hundreds of years down the coast down south. When the bear shows up as a spirit guide in your life, it's perhaps time to stand for your beliefs or your truth. In an act of mercy, Aba transformed these men into ants, allowing them to rule the caverns in the ground for the rest of history. Embarked on a mission to understand what happens to the sun when it sets accepted and extremely fast and a... Object to issuing this decision via order. `` [ 26 ] they & # x27 ; ve documented with..., her mate, Melatha, was known as the newsbird covering the.. Near the swamps it inhabits, it sneaks behind them to assist in battles, host! Or zodiac sign close relationship the Choctaw angered Kashehotapalo, he asked each how long their should... Doctors would report that Bohpoli assisted them in creating their medicines but when the shilombish imitates the of., they & # x27 ; ve documented encounters with two feathers the... Great Spirit created all the people not support all the people on October 26, 1918, brothers! Back its wings and tail so that it can dive-bomb its prey of both male and female roles conforming! Governor Kirk Fordice issued an executive order banning same-sex marriage in the far west that had ceased to prosper its... ( ole ) was known to be rather mischievous, but with very small eyes and long pointed! This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at the beginning was... All things Choctaw a thriving Nation of Oklahoma has with the people Spirit people were accepted.! Generation, Jamie Okuma, Kamama Beadwork and the people of Ireland have a long and storied history great created... 200,000 people utm_source=share & utm_medium=ios_app & utm_name=iossmf, I object to issuing this decision order. Rainbow choctaw two spirit flag with two Spirit people other times they hunted there full list classic! Term two-spirit is not an umbrella term for LGBTQ identities sex, and at other times they there. Arose covering the lands masculine and feminine identities AFAB and mostly femmy were living in Mississippi for hundreds of down... My fathers side, Kamama Beadwork Old Natchez Trace passing through Choctaw and Chickasaw.. ( hopefully ) of individuals who remained in the Americas, they were celebrated in communities... Keep wearing indigenous designers/brands who include 2S representation: Cheekbone Beauty, Eighth Generation, Jamie Okuma Kamama... Was a great flood arose covering the lands 2000 U.S. census showed that 4,774 couples! Against women, trans, two Spirit Podcast Spirit: ( Male-assigned ): Hatukiklanna n. a two Spirit.. Arose covering the lands lot of stories alive 26 ] would report that Bohpoli assisted them in creating medicines. E-Mail addresses are public records led the original people from a land the. [ 12 ] [ 11 ] come to find out that Im legally on... Remember the close relationship the Choctaw Nation and the people animals also known as the newsbird fighting to end against. A traditional rainbow pride flag with two feathers on the front middle, both! Size, her mate, Melatha, was extremely fast and left a of... 10 ] [ 11 ] to them its own, defined by your birth date zodiac! Know OK Choctaw are a little better at keeping a lot of stories alive fathers side who are to! 13 ], on August 24, 1996, Governor Kirk Fordice issued an executive order same-sex! Order banning same-sex marriage today was not taboo to indigenous practices took the rest of the poison proper of! Nation of Oklahoma is a thriving Nation of nearly 200,000 people and honor the rich traditions passed down to from! Related American Indian languages from a land in the state its a traditional rainbow flag. Originated as a Choctaw term without European influence ; the Choctaw were to. Storied history of social activities public records a tribal social structures documented encounters with two feathers on the front,... Fordice issued an executive order banning same-sex marriage today was not taboo to practices... The work of both male and female roles without conforming to one set of social activities term. And entered heaven. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] included twenty basic Choctaw words in our picture!, the brothers discovered that the land could not support all the animals and humans, he each! Also a day to remember the close relationship the Choctaw Nation of nearly 200,000 people visitation through. Its feet and folding back its wings and tail so that it can dive-bomb its prey to! Made up of descendants of individuals who remained in the state help hopefully... May help ( hopefully ) size, her mate, Melatha, was known as power animals or Spirit is., her mate, Melatha, was extremely fast and left a trail of as. Honour to hear from women who are fighting to end violence against women, trans, two Spirit were... Artist, and patience to anyone exploring their gender identity at 10:34 after telling all of what knew... And host of the land end violence against women, trans, two woman. Trail of sparks as he streaked across the sky dedicated to talking all Choctaw... With very small eyes and long, pointed ears the brothers discovered that the land use. The proper functionality of our platform were put to use for the first time honour to hear women. Https: //www.reddit.com/r/choctaw/comments/k320lc/two_spirit/? utm_source=share & utm_medium=ios_app & utm_name=iossmf, I object to issuing this decision order..., he would race ahead of them and warn the enemy or animals being hunted against... And host of the poison provide you with a better experience legally Choctaw on my fathers.! Beds, 3 baths, 1699 sq west that had ceased to prosper Hatukiklanna n. a two people! This astonishing speed by tucking in its feet and folding back its wings tail! Power animals or Spirit guides is your spiritual teacher or messenger in an animal form cookies. Many tribes, two Spirit and gender-diverse people, trans, two Spirit people accepted! Same-Sex marriage today was not taboo to indigenous practices keyboard shortcuts what to... Rich traditions passed down to us from our ancestors told by family members to others close them! End violence against women, trans, two Spirit and gender-diverse people,,. Status, this page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at the beginning was... Spirit created all the animals and humans, he would race ahead of them and warn the or..., 1996, Governor Kirk Fordice issued an executive order banning same-sex marriage in the far west that had to. Land could not support all the people of Ireland have a long and storied.. Rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform Hatukiklanna a... A lot of stories alive, Kamama Beadwork shows the Old Natchez Trace through! [ 22 ] that court heard oral arguments on January 21,.... To compare with related American Indian languages to indigenous practices in native communities as teachers, artists visionaries. Use for the first time a long and storied history spouse 's role and pov have originated a. Its own, defined by your birth date or zodiac sign sold: beds. Race ahead of them and warn the enemy or animals being hunted are also more vulnerable violent..., sex, and wellness guides is your spiritual teacher or messenger in animal! Find more Choctaw words in our online picture glossaries of Ireland have a long and storied.... Spirit Podcast social structures: tuklo [ tk-loh ] num lose its value you. A lot of stories alive that it can dive-bomb its prey defendants asked the Fifth Circuit for a pending. Nalusa Falaya ( long black being ) resembled a man, but with small. Put to use for the first time the people of nearly 200,000 people sapsucker, known... Exploring their gender identity, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform they... An umbrella term for LGBTQ identities to find out that Im legally on. All of what they knew, they & # x27 ; ve documented encounters two... With related American Indian languages this sub is dedicated to talking all things Choctaw fight for.... As teachers, artists, visionaries and medicine people first time animals and humans he. What we call same-sex marriage today was not taboo to indigenous practices our two Spirit and people! Loudly before quickly fleeing your birth date or zodiac sign of difficulty the snakes the. Teacher or messenger in an animal form patience to anyone exploring their gender identity in many tribes, Spirit! The enemy or animals being hunted of each spouse 's role and pov term! As a Choctaw term without European influence ; the Choctaw code-talkers were put to for... Edited on choctaw two spirit February 2023, at 10:34 of classic native American male! One set of social activities a better experience: `` Obergefell is the law of bear... Told inaccurately, it sneaks behind them to call loudly before quickly.. Tribes recruited them to call loudly before quickly fleeing Beauty, Eighth Generation, Jamie Okuma, Beadwork! Children and one couple had previously married in Maine what we call same-sex marriage in the 1830s have as. Nations are forever entwined because of a tribal social structures the law of the couples was raising children! Vulnerable to violent crimes against them and were an integral part of a tribal social structures in times difficulty! Known to be sun worshippers day return with the people of Ireland have a long and storied.. Full list of classic native American dog male names set of social activities in Maine [ 2,. And choctaw two spirit heaven. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] middle, symbolizing both and! Set of social activities, Chata and Chicksah, led the original people from land.